Bandwidth Improvement of a Cone-Inverted Cylindrical and Cross Hybrids Dielectric Resonator Antennas

Abstract

This work employs the coaxial probe method to stack and excite two cone-inverted cylindrical and cross-hybrid dielectric resonator antennas at a standard operating resonant frequency of 5.438 GHz. A drawback of these standard Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) is their narrow bandwidth. For good antenna performance, a stacked DR geometry and a thick dielectric substrate with a low dielectric constant are desired since this provides large bandwidth, better radiation power, reduces conductor loss and reduces the nonappearance of surface waves. Many approaches, such as changing the shape of the dielectric resonator, have been used to enhance bandwidth. Using DRA, which has the lowest dielectric constant, increases the bandwidth and the electromagnetic energy. In the current work, bandwidth improvement was significantly achieved by the proposed geometry by varying the antenna size. A novel hybrid DRA configuration is used to increase the bandwidth of the antenna to 89.27% and 149.23% due to cone-inverted cylindrical and cross-hybrid dielectric resonator antennas, respectively. The DRA is designed numerically via the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. Several parameters like return loss, input impedance (verified at ) and radiation pattern are calculated. Furthermore, the stacked-hybrid technique is used to enhance the antenna's performance, which is useful for broadband communication and the demand for wireless.