Study FTIR and AC Conductivity of Nanocomposite Electrolytes
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
In the present work polymer electrolytes were formulated using the solvent casting technique. Under special conditions, the electrolyte content was of fixed ratio of polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP): polyacrylonitrile (PAN) (25:75), ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) (1:1) with 10% of potassium iodide (KI) and iodine I2 = 10% by weight of KI. The conductivity was increased with the addition of ZnO nanoparticles. It is also increased with the temperature increase within the range (293 to 343 K). The conductivity reaches maximum value of about (0.0296 S.cm-1) with (0.25 g) ZnO. The results of FTIR for blend electrolytes indicated a significant degree of interaction between the polymer blend (PVP and PAN) and the KI salt. From the electrolyte observations of the nanocomposites, the broad peak became narrower after adding the ZnO nanoparticle to the KI salt. The dielectric reaction decreased with the increase of the frequency at room temperature. The high dielectric permittivity of the polymer at lower frequencies can be attributed to the dipoles having sufficient time to get aligned with the electric field, resulting in higher polarization.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
How to Cite
References
Pomerantseva E., Bonaccorso F., Feng X., Cui Y., and Gogotsi Y., Energy storage: The future enabled by nanomaterials. Science, 2019. 366(6468).
Ulaganathan M., Nithya R., and Rajendran S., Surface analysis studies on polymer electrolyte membranes using scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope, in Scanning Electron Microscopy. 2012, Intechopen.
Gray F.M., Polymer Electrolytes. RSC Materials Monographs, ed. J.A. Connor. 1997, Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry.
Gray F.M., Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Fundamentals And Technological Applications. 1991, New York: Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
Ileperuma O., Gel polymer electrolytes for dye sensitised solar cells: a review. Materials Technology, 2013. 28(1-2): pp. 65-70.
Su’ait M.S., Rahman M.Y.A., and Ahmad A., Review on polymer electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Solar Energy, 2015. 115: pp. 452-470.
Wu J., Lan Z., Lin J., Huang M., Huang Y., Fan L., and Luo G., Electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells. Chemical reviews, 2015. 115(5): pp. 2136-2173.
Aranda P. and Ruiz-Hitzky E., Poly (ethylene oxide)-silicate intercalation materials. Chemistry of Materials, 1992. 4(6): pp. 1395-1403.
Vaia R.A., Vasudevan S., Krawiec W., Scanlon L.G., and Giannelis E.P., New polymer electrolyte nanocomposites: Melt intercalation of poly (ethylene oxide) in mica‐type silicates. Advanced Materials, 1995. 7(2): pp. 154-156.
Pinnavaia T.J. and Beall G.W., Polymer-clay nanocomposites. 2000: Wiley.
Ray S.S. and Okamoto M., Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing. Progress in polymer science, 2003. 28(11): pp. 1539-1641.
Tjong S.C., Structural and mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. Materials Science Engineering: R: Reports, 2006. 53(3-4): pp. 73-197.
Berthier C., Gorecki W., Minier M., Armand M., Chabagno J., and Rigaud P., Microscopic investigation of ionic conductivity in alkali metal salts-poly (ethylene oxide) adducts. Solid State Ionics, 1983. 11(1): pp. 91-95.
Kumar M. and Sekhon S., Role of plasticizer's dielectric constant on conductivity modification of PEO–NH4F polymer electrolytes. European Polymer Journal, 2002. 38(7): pp. 1297-1304.
Gray F.M., Polymer electrolytes. 1997: Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
Rajendran S. and shanker Babu R., Ionic conduction behavior in PVC–PEG blend polymer electrolytes upon the addition of TiO 2. Ionics, 2009. 15(1): pp. 61-66.
Bandara T., Fernando H., Furlani M., Albinsson I., Dissanayake M., Ratnasekera J., and Mellander B.-E., Dependence of solar cell performance on the nature of alkaline counterion in gel polymer electrolytes containing binary iodides. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 2017. 21(6): pp. 1571-1578.
Chan Y.-F., Wang C.-C., and Chen C.-Y., Quasi-solid DSSC based on a gel-state electrolyte of PAN with 2-D graphenes incorporated. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2013. 1(18): pp. 5479-5486.
Saeed M.A. and Abdullah O.G., Effect of Structural Features on Ionic Conductivity and Dielectric Response of PVA Proton Conductor-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes. Journal of Electronic Materials, 2021. 50(2): pp. 432-442.
Jawad M.K., ALSAMMARRAIE A., and Al-Ajaj E.A., Influence of Succinonitrile and Potassium Iodide Concentration on Ionic Conductivity and Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based PMMA-PVA Polymer Blend Electrolyte. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2016. 28(8).
Rajendran S. and Prabhu M.R., Effect of different plasticizer on structural and electrical properties of PEMA-based polymer electrolytes. Journal of applied electrochemistry, 2010. 40(2): pp. 327-332.
Jana S. and Zhong W.-H., Electrical conductivity enhancement of a polymer using butyl glycidyl ether (BGE)–lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6) complex. Journal of materials science, 2008. 43(13): pp. 4607-4617.
Ramesh S. and Liew C.-W., Exploration on nano-composite fumed silica-based composite polymer electrolytes with doping of ionic liquid. Journal of non-crystalline solids, 2012. 358(5): pp. 931-940.
Raghu S., Kilarkaje S., Sanjeev G., Nagaraja G., and Devendrappa H., Effect of electron beam irradiation on polymer electrolytes: Change in morphology, crystallinity, dielectric constant and AC conductivity with dose. Radiation Physics Chemistry, 2014. 98: pp. 124-131.
Raghu S., Kilarkaje S., Sanjeev G., and Devendrappa H., Electron beam induced modifications in conductivity and dielectric property of polymer electrolyte film. Radiation measurements, 2013. 53: pp. 56-64.
Ravi M., Pavani Y., Kumar K.K., Bhavani S., Sharma A., and Rao V.N., Studies on electrical and dielectric properties of PVP: KBrO4 complexed polymer electrolyte films. Materials Chemistry Physics, 2011. 130(1-2): pp. 442-448.